Guidelines for Authors

The International Journal of Artificial Intelligence, Educational Technologies and Teacher Education – IJAIET establishes these Guidelines for Authors to ensure scientific quality, transparency, author accountability, research integrity, ethics, originality, traceability of contributions, and compliance with international best practices in scholarly communication.

By submitting a manuscript, all authors declare that they are aware of and agree to comply with the editorial policies of IJAIET, assuming full responsibility for the originality of the manuscript, accuracy and integrity of the data, correctness of references, authorship, ethical requirements, declarations provided, and scientific content of the work.

The journal’s authorship guidelines are based on the CRediT – Contributor Roles Taxonomy, the recommendations of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors – ICMJE, the good practices of the Committee on Publication Ethics – COPE, the CNPq Research Integrity Guidelines, the FAPESP Code of Good Scientific Practice, and the other institutional policies adopted by IJAIET.

1. Authorship Criteria

Scientific authorship represents intellectual, ethical, and public responsibility for the published work. Administrative participation, institutional affiliation, hierarchical position, general supervision of a research group, provision of funding, or personal relationship with the authors does not, by itself, constitute sufficient grounds for authorship.

Based on the CRediT – Contributor Roles Taxonomy and the recommendations of the ICMJE, the following contributions may be recognized:

1. Conceptualization – formulation or development of the central ideas, objectives, hypotheses, and research questions.
2. Methodology – development or design of the methodology, methods, models, and procedures.
3. Data Curation – management, organization, documentation, maintenance, and preservation of data and metadata.
4. Investigation/Data Collection – conducting experiments, interviews, observations, administering instruments, or other data production and collection procedures.
5. Formal/Statistical Analysis – application of statistical, mathematical, computational, or other systematic analytical techniques.
6. Data Analysis and Interpretation – interpretation of results in light of theoretical frameworks, hypotheses, and research objectives.
7. Funding Acquisition – acquisition of financial resources required to conduct the research.
8. Project Administration – management, coordination, and responsibility for the execution of the project.
9. Supervision – scientific guidance and oversight of the research and its execution.
10. Resources – provision of materials, equipment, infrastructure, samples, or other resources required for the study.
11. Software – programming, development, implementation, testing, or maintenance of programs, code, algorithms, and computational systems.
12. Validation – verification of reproducibility, consistency, replicability, or reliability of results.
13. Visualization – preparation of tables, graphs, diagrams, maps, infographics, and other visual representations.
14. Writing – Original Draft – substantial preparation of the initial manuscript.
15. Writing – Review & Editing – critical intellectual and scientific revision of the manuscript and effective participation in the final version.

2. Minimum Requirements for Authorship

To be recognized as an author by IJAIET, an individual must have made a substantial intellectual contribution to the work and must assume responsibility for its content.

Participation must include at least one core intellectual contribution, such as:

• Conceptualization;
• Methodology;
• Data analysis and interpretation;
• Project administration or scientific supervision, when accompanied by effective intellectual contribution;
• Writing – Original Draft;
• Substantial critical review of the scientific content.

In addition, all authors must:

• be familiar with the submitted content;
• review the manuscript;
• approve the final version;
• agree with its submission to IJAIET;
• assume responsibility for their individual contributions;
• cooperate with any requests for clarification regarding the integrity of the work.

Language editing, translation, funding, institutional leadership, administrative supervision, or provision of infrastructure alone does not automatically qualify an individual for authorship.

3. Authorship Statement – CRediT

Author contributions must be reported in the Authorship Statement, included in the Title Page or another document designated by IJAIET.

Each author must be associated with the roles actually performed, using CRediT terminology whenever possible.

The following format may be adopted:

Author Contributions – CRediT: Author A: Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing – Original Draft. Author B: Investigation, Data Curation, Formal Analysis. Author C: Supervision, Writing – Review & Editing, Project Administration. All authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript.

All authors are responsible for the accuracy of this statement.

4. Authorship Order

IJAIET does not predetermine the order of authors. Authorship order must result from a transparent agreement among the contributors, taking into consideration the nature and extent of their contributions.

Authorship order must not be used to:

• confer undue advantage;
• conceal the effective contribution of a researcher;
• offer authorship as a reward;
• meet institutional requirements without scientific contribution;
• sell or exchange authorship positions;
• manipulate academic indicators.

Disputes concerning authorship order should preferably be resolved by the authors and their institutions before submission.

5. Corresponding Author

The corresponding author represents all authors throughout the editorial process and must:

• ensure that all authors have agreed to the submission;
• keep contact information up to date;
• respond to editorial communications;
• coordinate requested revisions;
• ensure that all authors approve significant changes;
• immediately report any authorship, ethics, or integrity issue;
• verify the final version before publication;
• ensure the accuracy of information provided to the journal.

Being the corresponding author does not imply exclusive responsibility for the content. Scientific responsibility is shared by all authors.

6. Contributors Who Do Not Meet Authorship Criteria

Individuals or institutions that contributed to the research but do not meet the authorship criteria may be acknowledged in the Acknowledgments section.

Such contributions may include:

• technical support;
• administrative assistance;
• provision of facilities;
• institutional support;
• language editing;
• translation assistance;
• technical assistance;
• funding that alone does not constitute authorship;
• logistical support;
• occasional collaboration.

When an acknowledgment could imply endorsement of the conclusions by a named individual, authors should obtain that individual’s permission, where applicable.

7. Honorary, Gift, and Ghost Authorship

IJAIET prohibits authorship practices incompatible with research integrity, including:

Honorary authorship – inclusion of an individual because of prestige, position, hierarchical status, or influence without sufficient contribution.

Gift authorship – inclusion of an individual as a favor, reciprocal arrangement, or academic advantage.

Ghost authorship – omission of an individual who made a substantial contribution that would justify authorship recognition.

Purchase or sale of authorship – financial or other negotiation for the inclusion of names in scientific works.

Such practices may result in a formal research integrity investigation.

8. Changes in Authorship After Submission

The addition, removal, or reordering of authors after submission must be exceptional and formally justified.

The journal may require:

• a signed justification;
• statements from all authors;
• consent from the person being added or removed;
• a revised CRediT Statement;
• additional clarification;
• institutional documentation.

After acceptance, authorship changes will be subject to even stricter scrutiny.

Changes made solely to circumvent journal policies, satisfy private interests, avoid the editorial quarantine period, or manipulate scientific accountability may constitute an integrity violation.

9. Artificial Intelligence Contributions

IJAIET does not recognize Artificial Intelligence systems or tools as authors or co-authors.

AI systems cannot assume:

• scientific responsibility;
• ethical responsibility;
• legal responsibility;
• approval of the final version;
• disclosure of conflicts of interest;
• accountability in research integrity investigations;
• responsibility for corrections or retractions.

Relevant use of Artificial Intelligence or Generative Artificial Intelligence must be disclosed in accordance with the IJAIET Artificial Intelligence Use Policy and the CNPq Research Integrity Guidelines.

10. How to Disclose the Use of Artificial Intelligence

When declaring the use or non-use of AI, authors must report, where applicable:

Conceptualization: whether an AI tool was used in preliminary idea development, organization of research questions, or similar activities.

Methodological design: whether AI was used in developing, operationalizing, or implementing methodological procedures.

Data: whether AI was used for data collection, processing, classification, coding, analysis, or interpretation.

Software and programming: whether AI was used to generate, modify, test, or validate code and algorithms.

Manuscript preparation: whether AI was used for writing, editing, translation, text organization, abstract preparation, or other activities.

Images and visual elements: whether AI was used to generate or modify images, tables, graphs, or other visual elements.

When AI has been used, authors must report, whenever possible:

• name of the tool;
• developer;
• version;
• purpose;
• stage at which it was used;
• procedures adopted for human supervision and validation.

11. Where to Include the AI Statement

When AI forms part of the research methodology, its use must be described in the Methods/Methodology/Materials and Methods section.

In addition, where applicable, the manuscript must include a section before the references entitled:

Artificial Intelligence Use Statement

Suggested wording:

Artificial Intelligence Use Statement: The authors declare that they used [tool name and version], developed by [company/institution], during [stage], for the purpose of [purpose]. All results and content obtained with the assistance of the tool were critically reviewed, verified, and validated by the authors, who assume full responsibility for the final content.

When AI was not used:

Artificial Intelligence Use Statement: The authors declare that they did not use Generative Artificial Intelligence tools in the conceptualization, analysis, writing, or preparation of this manuscript.

12. Responsibility for the Use of AI

The use of AI does not reduce authors’ responsibility.

Authors remain responsible for:

• inaccurate or nonexistent references;
• false information;
• hallucinations;
• plagiarism;
• self-plagiarism;
• biases;
• fabricated data;
• methodological errors;
• copyright violations;
• unlawful processing of personal data;
• discriminatory content;
• scientific decisions and interpretations.

The use of AI to fabricate data, references, participants, interviews, documents, or results; conceal plagiarism; or manipulate evidence constitutes potential research misconduct.

13. Manuscript Originality

Authors must ensure that the submitted work is original and represents an effective scientific contribution.

Authors are responsible for ensuring that:

• the main content has not previously been published;
• third-party ideas are appropriately cited;
• their own previous works are referenced where necessary;
• overlaps are transparently disclosed;
• data have not been artificially fragmented;
• the article provides a distinct contribution when arising from research that has already been partially published.

IJAIET maintains a specific Similarity, Plagiarism and Investigation Policy, adopting up to 30% overall similarity as an editorial screening parameter, always subject to qualitative assessment.

A similarity rate of up to 30% does not mean that up to 30% plagiarism is permitted.

14. Plagiarism, Self-Plagiarism, and Redundant Publication

The following are prohibited:

• reproducing third-party content without attribution;
• misappropriating ideas;
• copying or translating third-party works without citation;
• substantially reusing one’s own previous texts without transparency;
• presenting previous publication as unpublished work;
• artificially dividing a single research project into multiple articles without independent scientific contribution;
• using AI to rewrite plagiarized content for the purpose of avoiding detection.

Suspected cases may be subject to a research integrity investigation.

15. Simultaneous Submission

A manuscript submitted to IJAIET must not be simultaneously under consideration by another journal.

By submitting the manuscript, authors confirm that the work is not being evaluated by another publication.

If authors wish to submit the work elsewhere, they must first formally request withdrawal from IJAIET and wait for confirmation that the editorial process has been closed.

Simultaneous submission may result in immediate rejection and an editorial investigation.

16. Preprints

Prior dissemination on a preprint server will not automatically be considered duplicate publication, provided it complies with the IJAIET Open Science Policy.

Authors must disclose:

• name of the preprint server;
• DOI or preprint identifier;
• access address;
• deposited version;
• any relevant subsequent changes.

17. Research Data and Transparency

IJAIET supports the principles of Open Science, transparency, and reproducibility.

Whenever ethically, legally, and technically possible, authors are encouraged to make available:

• data;
• code;
• scripts;
• instruments;
• protocols;
• supplementary materials;
• prompts used in AI-related research;
• methodological documentation.

When data cannot be made available, authors must provide justification, particularly where restrictions relate to:

• privacy;
• confidentiality;
• participant consent;
• protection of vulnerable groups;
• intellectual property;
• trade secrets;
• institutional or legal restrictions.

18. Research Involving Human Participants

Research involving human participants directly or indirectly must comply with applicable ethical standards.

In Brazil, where ethical review is required, submission to the CEP/Conep System through Plataforma Brasil must be reported.

Where applicable, the manuscript must state:

• responsible Research Ethics Committee;
• institution;
• approval number;
• CAAE – Certificate of Presentation for Ethical Review;
• informed consent;
• assent, where relevant;
• procedures adopted to protect participants.

For international studies, the applicable Research Ethics Committee – REC, Institutional Review Board – IRB, or equivalent body must be identified.

19. Accuracy and Integrity of Data

All data presented must correspond to the research actually conducted.

The following are prohibited:

• data fabrication;
• falsification;
• misleading manipulation;
• intentional omission of relevant results;
• fabrication of participants;
• creation of nonexistent interviews;
• artificial production of evidence;
• image manipulation that changes scientific meaning.

Authors must retain sufficient documentation and data to address integrity-related questions when necessary.

20. Scientific Reporting Standards

Studies must adequately describe their procedures to allow understanding, critical assessment and, where applicable, replication or reproduction.

Authors should follow reporting guidelines appropriate to the research design, where applicable.

Significant methodological deficiencies may result in:

• requests for additional information;
• further review;
• manuscript rejection.

21. Bibliographic References

Authors are responsible for the existence, accuracy, and relevance of all references.

Before submission, authors must verify:

• authors;
• titles;
• journal/publisher;
• volume;
• issue;
• pages;
• year;
• DOI;
• URL, where applicable.

Fabricated references or inaccurate references generated by Artificial Intelligence systems remain the responsibility of the authors and may constitute a violation of the journal’s integrity policy, depending on their nature and severity.

22. Citations

Every third-party idea, information, interpretation, image, dataset, or other content must be properly attributed.

The following are prohibited:

• misappropriation of ideas;
• deliberate omission of sources;
• false citations;
• fabricated citations;
• citing sources not consulted as though they had been directly used;
• citation manipulation intended to artificially increase metrics.

23. Conflicts of Interest

Authors must disclose any situation that may influence or appear to influence the research, interpretation of results, or publication.

Conflicts may include:

• financial relationships;
• employment;
• consultancy;
• equity interests;
• patents;
• institutional relationships;
• personal relationships;
• academic disputes;
• relevant professional relationships.

The existence of a conflict does not necessarily prevent publication. Failure to disclose it, however, may constitute a violation of transparency and integrity.

24. Funding

All sources of funding must be disclosed.

The statement should identify:

• funding agency;
• institution;
• grant or project number, when available;
• any role played by the funder in study design, analysis, interpretation, or publication.

Where there was no specific funding, this may be explicitly stated.

25. Copyright and Article Licensing

Copyright in published articles remains, in accordance with the journal’s policy, with the authors, who grant IJAIET the rights necessary for publication, dissemination, preservation, indexing, and editorial management.

IJAIET articles are published under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International – CC BY 4.0 license, in accordance with the journal’s Open Access, Licensing and Copyright Policy.

The license permits sharing and adaptation provided that appropriate attribution is given to the authors and the original publication.

The official versions in Portuguese, English, and Spanish published by IJAIET constitute language versions of the same scholarly publication.

26. Translations and Subsequent Versions

The translation of an already published article for subsequent independent publication in another journal must not be carried out in a manner that leads readers to interpret it as an original unpublished scientific work.

Where there is a legitimate interest in authorized secondary publication or translation, the following must be observed:

• transparency;
• authorization from the applicable rights holders;
• clear identification of the original publication;
• linkage to the original DOI;
• applicable editorial and ethical standards.

27. Editorial Quarantine Period

Authors with an article published in IJAIET must observe a minimum interval of 30 days between publications with overlapping authorship or co-authorship.

The quarantine period applies to publication and does not necessarily prevent submission or evaluation of another manuscript during that period.

Artificial inclusion or exclusion of authors to circumvent this policy may result in an investigation.

28. Notification of Errors by Authors

Authors have an ongoing responsibility to notify the Editorial Team of any significant error or inaccuracy identified during peer review, production, or after publication.

Depending on the nature of the issue, the journal may publish:

• correction;
• erratum;
• corrigendum;
• addendum;
• expression of concern;
• retraction.

Voluntary disclosure of an honest error is considered conduct consistent with research integrity.

29. Prohibited Conduct

Conduct incompatible with the IJAIET Guidelines for Authors includes, but is not limited to:

• fabrication or falsification of data;
• plagiarism;
• substantial self-plagiarism;
• simultaneous submission;
• duplicate publication;
• honorary authorship;
• ghost authorship;
• purchase or sale of authorship;
• citation manipulation;
• peer-review manipulation;
• falsification of documents;
• false affiliation information;
• creation of false identities;
• false CAAE or ethics approval;
• deliberate concealment of conflicts of interest;
• improper use of AI;
• fabrication of references;
• improper image manipulation;
• intentional omission of relevant information;
• attempts to improperly influence reviewers or editors.

30. Investigation of Possible Irregularities

When there are indications of a violation, IJAIET will adopt a proportionate and documented procedure that may include:

1. Identification and registration of the concern – confidential documentation of the issue and initial evidence.

2. Preliminary assessment – determination of whether sufficient grounds exist for further investigation.

3. Preservation of evidence – preservation of manuscripts, similarity reports, statements, communications, documents, and other relevant records.

4. Communication with the authors – objective presentation of concerns and request for clarification.

5. Right to respond – opportunity for authors to provide explanations, data, and supporting documentation.

6. Technical assessment – consultation, where necessary, with experts, reviewers, statisticians, Research Ethics Committees, or institutions.

7. Reasoned editorial decision – determination of measures proportionate to the findings.

8. External communication, where necessary – referral to institutions, Research Ethics Committees, CNPq, FAPESP, funding agencies, or other competent authorities.

9. Correction of the scholarly record – where an issue is identified after publication, adoption of a correction, expression of concern, or retraction, as appropriate.

31. Possible Editorial Measures and Sanctions

Failure to comply with these guidelines may result, depending on the nature, severity, intent, impact, and recurrence of the violation, in:

1. request for clarification;
2. request for additional documentation;
3. mandatory manuscript correction;
4. new similarity assessment;
5. editorial warning;
6. temporary suspension of the review process;
7. rejection of the manuscript;
8. termination of the editorial process;
9. authorship correction;
10. withdrawal of the manuscript;
11. post-publication correction;
12. erratum;
13. expression of concern;
14. retraction;
15. temporary restriction on new submissions;
16. temporary restriction from serving as a reviewer;
17. notification of the author’s affiliated institution;
18. notification of the Research Ethics Committee;
19. notification of the funding agency;
20. notification of competent authorities;
21. other measures necessary to protect the scholarly record.

Measures will be applied in a proportionate, impartial, and documented manner, taking into account the COPE, the FAPESP Code of Good Scientific Practice, and the CNPq Research Integrity Guidelines.

IJAIET does not impose institutional sanctions on behalf of universities, CNPq, FAPESP, or other organizations. Where appropriate, the matter may be referred to the competent institution or authority, which may conduct its own investigation and apply measures within its jurisdiction.

32. Collective Responsibility of Authors

All authors are responsible for cooperating with any investigation concerning the manuscript.

The claim that a particular problem was caused exclusively by another co-author does not automatically eliminate the duty of diligence of the other authors, although individual responsibility may be considered when assessing the case.

Each author should be able to explain their own contribution and, within reasonable limits, identify which aspects of the work were performed by the other contributors.

33. Documents Required for Submission

Depending on the manuscript type, IJAIET may require:

• anonymized manuscript;
• Title Page;
• Authorship and Originality Statement;
• CRediT Statement;
• Conflict of Interest Statement;
• Funding Statement;
• Artificial Intelligence Use Statement;
• ethics approval and CAAE, where applicable;
• Data Availability Statement;
• preprint information;
• supplementary documents required by the journal template;
• other documents requested by the Editorial Team.

Failure to provide required documentation may prevent the initiation or continuation of the editorial process.

34. Verification of Information Before Publication

All authors, particularly the corresponding author, must carefully verify:

• spelling of names;
• authorship order;
• affiliations;
• ORCID;
• e-mail addresses;
• titles;
• abstracts;
• keywords;
• references;
• funding numbers;
• CAAE and ethics approval;
• tables;
• figures;
• data;
• statements;
• CRediT contributions;
• final language versions.

Approval of the proofs indicates that the authors confirm the accuracy of the information presented, except for subsequent editorial errors.

35. Fundamental Ethical Principles for Authors

All authors must observe the following principles:

Participation: accept authorship only when there has been an effective scientific contribution.

Responsibility: assume responsibility for the content and individual contribution.

Originality: submit original research and transparently disclose related previous works.

Attribution: properly cite and reference third-party contributions.

Accuracy: present data, procedures, and results truthfully.

Transparency: disclose funding, conflicts, authorship, AI use, data availability, and other relevant information.

Rigor: report methods with sufficient precision for scientific assessment.

Single submission: do not maintain the same manuscript simultaneously under consideration by different journals.

Ethics: comply with requirements relating to human participants, personal data, vulnerable groups, and other ethical dimensions.

Correction: promptly report significant errors.

Cooperation: cooperate with editorial requests and integrity investigations.

Respect: maintain professional and ethical communication with editors, reviewers, and other participants.

36. Author Responsibility Statement Upon Submission

By completing the submission, the authors declare that:

All authors have effectively contributed to the work as reported in the Authorship Statement; have read and approved the submitted version; agree with its submission to IJAIET; confirm the originality of the manuscript; assume responsibility for the accuracy of the data, references, declarations, and information presented; have disclosed conflicts of interest, funding sources, ethical aspects, and any use of Artificial Intelligence; and undertake to cooperate with the Journal in any clarification, correction, or investigation related to research integrity.

37. Institutional References

CRediT – Contributor Roles Taxonomy

ICMJE – Defining the Role of Authors and Contributors

COPE – Committee on Publication Ethics

CNPq – Research Integrity Guidelines

FAPESP – Good Scientific Practice

Plataforma Brasil – Submission of Research Projects Involving Human Participants for Ethical Review

 

 

Copyright Statement

© IJAIET – International Journal of Artificial Intelligence, Educational Technologies and Teacher Education / Editora Ibero-Americana de Educação. All rights reserved regarding the wording, organization, systematization, and institutional presentation of these editorial policies, without prejudice to third-party rights and content derived from duly identified external sources.

The full or substantial reproduction, adaptation, or institutional use of these texts by third parties requires prior authorization, except within the limits legally permitted for quotation, academic reference, and other uses authorized by applicable law.

 

The Editors